The effectiveness of activated carbon in amine desulfurization is mainly affected by the following factors:

I. Activated Carbon's Intrinsic Characteristics

Specific Surface Area: A larger specific surface area provides more adsorption sites, but this needs to be matched to the size of the pollutant molecules.

Pore Size Distribution: Micropores (<2nm) are suitable for adsorbing small gas molecules.

Mesopores (2-50nm) are suitable for larger organic molecules.

Macropores (>50nm) are suitable for colloidal substances.

Particle Size and Shape: Powdered form has high adsorption efficiency, while columnar form has high mechanical strength.

Surface Chemical Properties: Oxygen-containing functional groups enhance the adsorption of polar molecules.

Ash and Impurities: High ash content reduces the effective adsorption area.

II. External Conditions

Temperature: Low temperatures favor adsorption (exothermic reaction).

High temperatures may trigger desorption.

A balance between temperature and efficiency is necessary in actual operation.

pH Value: Acidic environments (pH 3-5) provide good adsorption.

Alkaline environments may weaken adsorption.  Contaminant Concentration:  Excessive concentration may lead to adsorption saturation.

 Contact Time:  Too short a time results in insufficient adsorption, while too long a time may trigger re-adsorption.

III. Operating Parameters

 Solvent Circulation Rate:  Insufficient flow rate affects absorption efficiency, while excessive flow rate increases power consumption.

 Pressure:  High pressure promotes adsorption, but excessive pressure may cause liquefaction of heavy components.

IV. Other Factors

 Oxygen and Moisture:  These can promote chemisorption, but water vapor concentration affects sulfuric acid formation.

 Activated Carbon Impregnation:  Metal salt impregnation can improve adsorption capacity.